How to Do Plank
Start and end of one clean rep of Plank.
Quick facts
| Primary muscle | Core |
|---|---|
| Secondary muscles | Shoulders, Glutes |
| Equipment | Bodyweight |
| Category | Strength |
How to perform Plank
- Get into a prone position on the floor, supporting your weight on your toes and your forearms. Your arms are bent and directly below the shoulder.
- Keep your body straight at all times, and hold this position as long as possible. To increase difficulty, an arm or leg can be raised.
Muscles worked
- Core (primary): braces the trunk and resists twisting to protect the spine.
- Shoulders (secondary): raises and rotates the arms and drives everything overhead.
- Glutes (secondary): extends and stabilises the hip — the engine behind hinges, squats and sprints.
Sets & reps by goal
| Goal | Sets × reps | Load | Rest |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strength | 3–5 × 3–5 | Heavy (~85%+) | 2–3 min |
| Hypertrophy | 3–4 × 8–12 | Moderate (~65–75%) | 60–90 s |
| Endurance | 2–3 × 15–20 | Lighter (~50–60%) | 30–45 s |
Bodyweight movement: once you own the top of a rep range, progress by slowing the tempo, pausing at the hardest point, or moving to a harder variation instead of adding load.
Form tips
- Brace as if about to take a light punch and breathe shallowly — don't hold your breath for the whole set.
- Own the largest range you can control with clean form before you chase extra reps.
- Treat every rep the same — a repeatable setup and bar path is what lets you add weight safely over time.
- Control the lowering phase — a 2–3 second descent builds more than dropping the weight.
Common mistakes
- Cranking with the hip flexors or neck instead of moving from the trunk.
- Cutting the range short to squeeze out extra reps instead of owning each full one.
- Chasing weight jumps before the current load feels solid on every rep.
Frequently asked questions
What muscles does Plank work?
Plank mainly works the core, with the shoulders, glutes helping as secondary movers.
What equipment do I need for Plank?
None — Plank is a bodyweight movement, so you only need your bodyweight and a little space.
How many sets and reps should I do for Plank?
It depends on your goal: about 3–5 sets of 3–5 heavy reps for strength, 3–4 sets of 8–12 for muscle growth, or 2–3 sets of 15–20 for endurance. Bodyweight movement: once you own the top of a rep range, progress by slowing the tempo, pausing at the hardest point, or moving to a harder variation instead of adding load.
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